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About Bohrium

Bohrium Bohr

Bohrium is a synthetic element that is exceedingly difficult to study due to its extremely short half-life. Although it was officially discovered at the Institute for Heavy Ion Research (Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung) in Germany in 1981 by bombarding bismuth-209 with chromium-54, it was not until 2000 that an international team was able to produce large enough quantities of the element to examine its chemical properties. The heaviest isotopes decay the most slowly, with the longest measured barely passing the 60 second mark. The low stability of this element precludes its use outside of basic science research. Bohrium was named in honor of Danish physicist Niels Bohr, whose innovative work on the structure of the atom is fundamental to atomic physics.

Bohrium Properties

Bohrium Bohr ModelBohrium is a D-Block, Group 7, Period 7 element. The number of electrons in each of bohrium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 13, 2 and its electron configuration is [Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2. In its elemental form, bohrium's CAS number is 54037-14-8. Bohrium is a synthetic element and therefore is not naturally found in the environment. Little is known about the element, its appearance is unknown, and it has no known uses. Production of bohrium was first announced in 1976 by scientists from the former Soviet Union and was verified in 1981 by Peter Armbruster in Germany. Bohrium is named for the Danish atomic physicist Niels Bohr.

Bohrium information, technical data, properties, research, applications and other useful facts are detailed below. Scientific facts, such as the atomic structure and ionization energy, are included.

General Properties
Symbol: Bh
Atomic Number: 107
Atomic Weight: 270
Element Category: transition metal
Group, Period, Block: 7, 7, d
Color: unknown (presumably metallic/ silvery white/ gray)
Other Names: Bohrio
Physical Properties
Melting Point: N/A
Boiling Point: N/A
Density: 37 (predicted)
Liquid Density @ Melting Point: N/A
Density @ 20°C: N/A
Density of Solid: 27200 (predicted) kg·m3
Specific Heat: N/A
Superconductivity Temperature: N/A
Triple Point: N/A
Critical Point: N/A
Heat of Fusion (kJ·mol-1): N/A
Heat of Vaporization (kJ·mol-1): N/A
Heat of Atomization (kJ·mol-1): N/A
Thermal Conductivity: N/A
Thermal Expansion: N/A
Electrical Resistivity: N/A
Tensile Strength: N/A
Molar Heat Capacity: N/A
Young's Modulus: N/A
Shear Modulus: N/A
Bulk Modulus: N/A
Poisson Ratio: N/A
Mohs Hardness: N/A
Vickers Hardness: N/A
Brinell Hardness: N/A
Speed of Sound: N/A
Pauling Electronegativity: N/A
Sanderson Electronegativity: N/A
Allred Rochow Electronegativity: N/A
Mulliken-Jaffe Electronegativity: N/A
Allen Electronegativity: N/A
Pauling Electropositivity: N/A
Reflectivity (%): N/A
Refractive Index: N/A
Chemical Properties
Electrons: 107
Protons: 107
Neutrons: 155
Electron Configuration: [Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2
Atomic Radius: 12 8 pm (predicted)
Atomic Radius,
non-bonded (Å):		 Unknown
Covalent Radius: 141 pm (predicted)
Covalent Radius (Å): 1.41
Van der Waals Radius: N/A
Oxidation States: 7, 5, 4, 3 (predicted)
Phase: Solid (predicted)
Crystal Structure: N/A
Magnetic Ordering: N/A
Electron Affinity (kJ·mol-1) Unknown
1st Ionization Energy: 742.9 kJ·mol-1;(estimated)
2nd Ionization Energy: 1688.5 kJ·mol-1;(estimated)
3rd Ionization Energy: 2566.5 kJ·mol-1;(estimated)
Identifiers
CAS Number: 54037-14-8
EC Number: N/A
MDL Number: N/A
Beilstein Number: N/A
SMILES Identifier: N/A
InChI Identifier: N/A
InChI Key: N/A
PubChem CID: N/A
ChemSpider ID: N/A
Abundance
Earth - Total: N/A
Mercury - Total: N/A
Venus - Total: N/A
Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by weight: N/A
Earth - Seawater (Oceans), ppb by atoms: N/A
Earth -  Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by weight: N/A
Earth -  Crust (Crustal Rocks), ppb by atoms: N/A
Sun - Total, ppb by weight: N/A
Sun - Total, ppb by atoms: N/A
Stream, ppb by weight: N/A
Stream, ppb by atoms: N/A
Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by weight: N/A
Meterorite (Carbonaceous), ppb by atoms: N/A
Typical Human Body, ppb by weight: N/A
Typical Human Body, ppb by atom: N/A
Universe, ppb by weight: N/A
Universe, ppb by atom: N/A
History
Discovered By: Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung
Discovery Date: 1981
First Isolation: N/A

Bohrium Isotopes

Bohrium (Bh) is an artificial element. Like all artificial elements, it has no stable isotopes.

Nuclide Isotopic Mass Half-Life Mode of Decay Nuclear Spin Magnetic Moment Binding Energy (MeV) Natural Abundance
(% by atom)
260Bh 260.12197(62)# 0.3# ms - N/A N/A 1868.61 -
261Bh 261.12166(25)# 13(4) ms [12(+5-3) ms] a to 257Db; SF (5/2-) N/A 1876.69 -
262Bh 262.12289(37)# 290(160) ms a to 258Db; SF N/A N/A 1884.76 -
263Bh 263.12304(39)# 200# ms - N/A N/A 1892.84 -
264Bh 264.1246(3)# 1.3(5) s [0.44(+60-16) s] a to 260Db N/A N/A 1900.92 -
265Bh 265.12515(41)# 0.9(+7-3) s a to 261Db N/A N/A 1909 -
266Bh 266.12694(22)# 5(3) s a to 262Db N/A N/A 1917.08 -
267Bh 267.12765(28)# 22(10) s [17(+14-6) s] a to 263Db N/A N/A 1925.16 -
268Bh 268.12976(41)# 25# s Unknown N/A N/A 1933.24 -
269Bh 269.13069(44)# 25# s Unknown N/A N/A 1932 -
270Bh 270.13362(50)# 30# s a to 266Db N/A N/A 1940.08 -
271Bh 271.13518(60)# 40# s a to 267Db N/A N/A 1948.16 -
272Bh 272.13803(65)# 10(+12-4) s a to 268Db N/A N/A 1956.24 -
273Bh 273.13962(89)# 90# min Unknown N/A N/A 1964.31 -
274Bh 274.14244(84)# 90# min a to 270Db N/A N/A 1963.08 -
275Bh 275.14425(70)# 40# min Unknown N/A N/A 1971.16 -