Effect of high-dose sodium selenite in cardiac surgery patients: A randomized controlled bi-center trial.

Title Effect of high-dose sodium selenite in cardiac surgery patients: A randomized controlled bi-center trial.
Authors T. Schmidt; H. Pargger; E. Seeberger; F. Eckhart; S. von Felten; C. Haberthür
Journal Clin Nutr
DOI 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.04.019
Abstract

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Cardiac surgery is accompanied by oxidative stress and systemic inflammatory response, which may be associated with organ dysfunction and increased mortality. Selenium and selenoenzymes are important constituents of anti-oxidative defense. We hypothesized that high-dose sodium selenite supplementation can attenuate the postoperative inflammation and might, therefore, improve clinical outcome.

METHODS: Randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded, bi-center study on 411 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery. Patients received an intravenous bolus of 4000 ?g selenium (in the form of sodium selenite) or placebo after induction of anesthesia and 1000 ?g/d selenium or placebo during their intensive care unit (ICU) stay. Primary outcome measure was the Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score on the second postoperative day. Secondary endpoints included the change in perioperative selenium levels, change of inflammatory and cardiac markers, use of vasoactive medication, incidence of acute kidney injury, ICU and hospital length of stay, and mortality.

RESULTS: The perioperative administration of high-dose sodium selenite prevented the postoperative drop of blood and serum selenium levels, reduced the number of patients depending on postoperative vasoactive support but failed to reduce the postoperative SOFA score and its related organ-specific scores compared to placebo. Except for an increase of postoperative procalcitonin and bilirubin levels in the sodium selenite group, other inflammatory markers, organ function variables and clinical endpoints remained unchanged.

CONCLUSIONS: The perioperative administration of high-dose sodium selenite in cardiac surgery patients prevented the postoperative fall of blood selenium levels and reduced the need for postoperative vasoactive support by a yet unknown mechanism.

TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered under ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier no. NCT01141556.

Citation T. Schmidt; H. Pargger; E. Seeberger; F. Eckhart; S. von Felten; C. Haberthür.Effect of high-dose sodium selenite in cardiac surgery patients: A randomized controlled bi-center trial.. Clin Nutr. 2017. doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2017.04.019

Related Elements

Selenium

34 Se 78.960000000 Selenium

Selenium Bohr ModelSee more Selenium products. Selenium (atomic symbol: Se, atomic number: 34) is a Block P, Group 16, Period 4 element with an atomic radius of 78.96. The number of electrons in each of Selenium's shells is 2, 8, 18, 6 and its electron configuration is [Ar] 3d10 4s2 4p4. The selenium atom has a radius of 120 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 190 pm. Selenium is a non-metal with several allotropes: a black, vitreous form with an irregular crystal structure three red-colored forms with monoclinic crystal structures and a gray form with a hexagonal crystal structure, the most stable and dense form of the element. Elemental SeleniumOne of the most common uses for selenium is in glass production the red tint that it lends to glass neutralizes green or yellow tints from impurities in the glass materials. Selenium was discovered and first isolated by Jöns Jakob Berzelius and Johann Gottlieb Gahn in 1817. The origin of the name Selenium comes from the Greek word "Selênê," meaning moon.

Sodium

11 Na 22.989769280 Sodium

Sodium Bohr ModelSee more Sodium products. Sodium (atomic symbol: Na, atomic number: 11) is a Block D, Group 5, Period 4 element with an atomic weight of 22.989769. The number of electrons in each of Sodium's shells is [2, 8, 1] and its electron configuration is [Ne] 3s1. The sodium atom has a radius of 185.8 pm and a Van der Waals radius of 227 pm. Sodium was discovered and first isolated by Sir Humphrey Davy in 1807. In its elemental form, sodium has a silvery-white metallic appearance. It is the sixth most abundant element, making up 2.6 % of the earth's crust. Sodium does not occur in nature as a free element and must be extracted from its compounds (e.g., feldspars, sodalite, and rock salt). The name Sodium is thought to come from the Arabic word suda, meaning "headache" (due to sodium carbonate's headache-alleviating properties), and its elemental symbol Na comes from natrium, its Latin name.

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Selenites
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